Projects · Foreign Policy

Gaza Peace Plan — Phase II

Trump-chaired Board of Peace governs postwar Gaza via technocratic committee (NCAG). Ceasefire holds but Hamas refuses disarmament; Israel maintains occupation; reconstruction stalled.

Ceasefire Start
Oct 10, 2025
Phase I hostages/prisoners
Phase II Begin
Jan 2026
After last hostage remains returned
Deaths Since Ceasefire
1,000+
Hamas Health Ministry, Jun 2026
Israeli Occupation %
~70%
Gaza territory controlled, Jun 2026
Board of Peace Members
27
Feb 2026 inaugural meeting
NCAG (Palestinian Technocrats)
15
Veted by Israel & US, not elected

As of late June, Phase II remains largely stalled. Hamas refuses disarmament; Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu has threatened to restart war if Hamas does not comply. Board of Peace envoy Nickolay Mladenov announced reconstruction planning underway "sector by sector," but actual rebuilding has not commenced. Trump administration circulated proposal to relocate Gaza residents from Hamas-held areas into "board-run zones" and route tax revenue to the board — neither government has confirmed document's existence.

June 26 pro-peace demonstrations called by Palestinian activists in 18 Gaza locations largely failed to materialize. Hamas deployed armed militants to key intersections and launched intimidation campaign. Activists reported "extensive security cordon across Gaza without official announcement."

January 22, 2026
Board of Peace charter announced at Davos. Trump convenes inaugural meeting in Washington with 27 countries. Nickolay Mladenov appointed high representative. NATO allies decline to join, citing scope concerns and ICC arrest warrant holders among member nations (Russia, etc.).
February 18, 2026
Board of Peace meets in Washington. 27 countries in attendance; nearly 50 envoys total. Deliberations on Phase II governance, demilitarization, and reconstruction funding discussed.
April–June 2026
Stalled Phase II. Hamas disarmament remains precondition for full Israeli withdrawal. Israel refuses to leave without guarantees. Palestinian Authority marginalized; not invited to Board. Humanitarian aid averaging 145 trucks/day (vs. 600 agreed); Israeli security operations kill Palestinians approaching "yellow line" boundary markers.
• CFR, "A Guide to the Gaza Peace Deal," 2026
• Washington Times, "Trump's optimistic post-war Gaza plan meets hard reality," Jul 3, 2026
• Al Jazeera Centre for Studies, "Trump's Plan: Promises and Pitfalls," 2026
• Chatham House, "The risks of Trump's peace plan," 2026
• Democratic Now!, "Headlines for June 30, 2026"